Hemp Research — Page 152

Peer-reviewed industrial hemp research papers, sorted by publication date. Browse the latest findings on hemp cultivation, processing, materials science, biomedical applications, and regulatory science from PubMed, OpenAlex, and other indexed sources.

A deep intronic DLG4 variant resulting in DLG4‐related synaptopathy (2023)

The rare autosomal dominant brain disorder DLG4-related synaptopathy is caused by de novo variants in DLG4 (encoding PSD-95), the majority of which are predicted to be protein-truncating. In addition to splice site variants, a number of synonymous and missense DLG4 variants are predicted to exert their effect through altered RNA splicing, although the pathogenicity of these variants is uncertain without functional RNA studies. Here, we describe a young boy with a deep intronic DLG4 variant (c.21

Unlocking New Therapeutic Options for Vincristine-Induced Neuropathic Pain: The Impact of Preclinical Research (2024)

Vincristine, a vinca alkaloid, is used in chemotherapy protocols for cancers such as acute leukemia, Hodgkin's disease, neuroblastoma, cervical carcinoma, lymphomas, breast cancer, and melanoma. Among the common adverse effects of vincristine is peripheral neuropathy, with most patients receiving a cumulative dose over 4 mg/m<sup>2</sup> who develop varying degrees of sensory neuropathy. The onset of vincristine-induced peripheral neuropathy can greatly affect patients' quality of life, often re

Cannabinoids in the Treatment of Epilepsy: A Review (2021)

Cannabinoids have been studied for their role in the treatment of epilepsy for many years. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved them for the treatment of some refractory syndromes in 2018. Cannabidiol and tetrahydrocannabinol are the most commonly studied cannabinoids and have been studied in great depth vis-à-vis their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Studies have shown the efficacy of cannabinoids in the treatment of refractory epilepsy. A substantial amount of research h

Off-label-Use von anfallssuppressiver und immunsuppressiver Medikation bei Epilepsien (2025)

Zusammenfassung Zur Behandlung der Epilepsien stehen zahlreiche anfallssuppressive Medikamente (ASM) zur Verfügung, die auf Basis klinischer Studien für bestimmte Indikationen und Altersgruppen zugelassen sind. Allerdings erfordert die Vielzahl verschiedener Epilepsietypen und Syndrome häufig einen Off-label-Einsatz von ASM, wenn die Patienten unter der aktuellen Therapie nicht anfallsfrei werden oder diese nicht vertragen. Ähnliches gilt für die Verwendung von verschiedenen immunsuppressiven Me

Drug repurposing in status epilepticus (2024)

The treatment of status epilepticus (SE) has changed little in the last 20 years, largely because of the high risks and costs of new drug development for SE. Moreover, SE poses specific challenges to drug development, such as patient diversity, logistical hurdles, and the need for acute treatment strategies that differ from chronic seizure prevention. This has reduced the appetite of industry to develop new drugs in this area. Drug repurposing is an attractive approach to address this unmet need

Informing the Cannabis Conjecture: From Life’s Beginnings to Mitochondria, Membranes and the Electrome—A Review (2023)

Before the late 1980s, ideas around how the lipophilic phytocannabinoids might be working involved membranes and bioenergetics as these disciplines were “in vogue”. However, as interest in genetics and pharmacology grew, interest in mitochondria (and membranes) waned. The discovery of the cognate receptor for tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) led to the classification of the endocannabinoid system (ECS) and the conjecture that phytocannabinoids might be “working” through this system. However, the how a

Zebrafish as a High-Throughput In Vivo Model for Testing the Bioactivity of Cannabinoids (2019)

Zebrafish represent an established vertebrate model system that helps to bridge the research gap between cell line/invertebrate studies and mammalian systems. While the initial testing of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) using Zebrafish occurred in 1975, zebrafish are currently a burgeoning model for testing the bioactivity of cannabinoids. Zebrafish express both CB1 and CB2 receptors along with all of the other major endocannabinoid-related genes. Zebrafish endocannabinoid gene function has been asso

Evidence synthesis of medical cannabis research: current challenges and opportunities (2024)

As a wide group of medicines, the effectiveness and safety of 'medical cannabis' products is likely to vary in relation to product-specific dimensions such as potency, dosage, route of administration, and cannabinoid composition. Systematic reviews can perform a crucial role in analysing and synthesising the outcomes of medical cannabis interventions found in empirical research. We analysed 23 contemporary systematic reviews on the effectiveness and safety of medical cannabis to discern the exte

Heterozygous deletion of Gpr55 does not affect a hyperthermia-induced seizure, spontaneous seizures or survival in the Scn1a+/- mouse model of Dravet syndrome (2023)

A purified preparation of cannabidiol (CBD), a cannabis constituent, has been approved for the treatment of intractable childhood epilepsies such as Dravet syndrome. Extensive pharmacological characterization of CBD shows activity at numerous molecular targets but its anticonvulsant mechanism(s) of action is yet to be delineated. Many suggest that the anticonvulsant action of CBD is the result of G protein-coupled receptor 55 (GPR55) inhibition. Here we assessed whether Gpr55 contributes to the

Unveiling the Potential of Phytocannabinoids: Exploring Marijuana's Lesser-Known Constituents for Neurological Disorders (2024)

Cannabis sativa is known for producing over 120 distinct phytocannabinoids, with Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) being the most prominent, primarily in their acidic forms. Beyond Δ9-THC and CBD, a wide array of lesser-known phytocannabinoids, along with terpenes, flavonoids, and alkaloids, demonstrate diverse pharmacological activities, interacting with the endocannabinoid system (eCB) and other biological pathways. These com-pounds, characterized by phenolic structures an

Medical cannabis ad its significance for current medicine (2023)

Vzhledem k nedávným legislativním změnám je v současné době opět možné používat konopí pro léčebné účely, přičemž zájem o tento způsob léčby velmi narůstá. Tento přehledový článek popisuje stručnou historii využívání konopí a základní klasifikaci jeho obsahových látek. Zaměřuje se na farmakodynamiku a farmakokinetiku hlavních kanabinoidů THC a CBD včetně definice a významu endokanabinoidního systému. V textu jsou zmíněny v praxi používané a

Roles of Cannabidiol in Reversing Proteinopathies (2020)

Cannabidiol is a well-known non-psychotropic phytocannabinoid from Cannabis sativa, which exerts a broad range of neuropharmacological activities in the central nervous systems. Over the past years, compelling evidence from preclinical and clinical studies support therapeutic potentials of cannabidiol in various neurological disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases. Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the accumulation of misfolded or aggregated protein due to the defective pro

Unravelling the neurochemical maze: neurotransmitters, neuropeptides and novel drug modes of action based on epilepsy pathophysiology (2023)

The brain is extremely complicated three dimensional structures made up of interconnected neurons and neuroglia cells. It entails all type of functions of our body whether we are healthy or in disease conditions. Brain is accountable for our connectivity with the surroundings; all this is performed by an organized and systemic electrical activity of neurons by which they communicate messages to and from the brain. The abnormal electrical activity leading to the intense outburst of impulses, resu

Biomarker development in Sturge-Weber syndrome (2025)

Sturge-Weber Syndrome (SWS) is a congenital neurovascular disorder caused by a somatic mosaic mutation in the R183Q GNAQ gene and characterized by capillary-venous malformations of the brain, skin, and eyes. Clinical manifestations include facial port-wine birthmark, glaucoma, seizures, headache or migraine, hemiparesis, stroke or stroke-like episodes, developmental delay, behavioral problems, and hormonal deficiencies. SWS requires careful monitoring, management, and early identification to imp

Clinical guideline: antiepileptic drugs of choice for epileptic syndromes and epilepsies in pediatric patients (2019)

Approximately 65% of children with newly diagnosed epilepsy achieve sustained control of their epileptic seizures with the antiepileptic drug (AED) initially prescribed, and 15-20% require the combination of other AEDs. To begin treatment with an AED, basic aspects should be considered, such as the capacity for absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination of each AED. Treatment with an AED in pediatric patients, as for any age, must be personalized, but in these cases, the biological ag

Valproate discontinuation in girls and women of childbearing age with epilepsy: An Italian multicenter retrospective study on prescribing patterns and outcomes (2025)

VPA was rarely withdrawn or substituted in WOCP with epilepsy, in secondary and tertiary care settings following European regulatory restrictions. This likely reflects a population with severe epilepsies where VPA is difficult to replace; whereas women with milder epilepsies likely discontinued VPA earlier, as evidenced by its low overall prescription frequency. Withdrawal of VPA from a polytherapy regimen was associated with a threefold increased risk of seizure exacerbation.

A Review of the Characteristics of Clinical Trials and Potential Medications for Alcohol Dependence: Data Analysis from ClinicalTrials.gov (2023)

<i>Objective</i>. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the characteristics of clinical trials related to alcohol dependence that are registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. <i>Methods</i>. All ClinicalTrials.gov trials registered up to 1 January 2023 were examined, focusing on trials that involved alcohol dependence. All 1295 trials were summarized by presenting their characteristics and results and reviewed most intervention drugs used in the treatment of alcohol dependence. <i>Results</i>

Parent‐reported outcome measures evaluating communication in individuals with rare neurodevelopmental disorders: A systematic review (2024)

What is already known on the subject Communication is a critical domain for families with a child with a rare neurodevelopmental disorder (RNDD). Validated outcome measures are essential for accurate evaluation and interpretation of responses to treatments in clinical trials. What this paper adds to existing knowledge We identified 16 parent-reported communication measures that have been used with RNDDs, but only six measures had validation data for at least one RNDD. High quality evidence is ac