Hemp Research — Page 178

Peer-reviewed industrial hemp research papers, sorted by publication date. Browse the latest findings on hemp cultivation, processing, materials science, biomedical applications, and regulatory science from PubMed, OpenAlex, and other indexed sources.

Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Perampanel in Acute and Chronic Pain Models in Mice: Interaction With the Cannabinergic System (2021)

Pain conditions, such as neuropathic pain (NP) and persistent inflammatory pain are therapeutically difficult to manage. Previous studies have shown the involvement of glutamate receptor in pain modulation and in particular same of these showed the key role of the AMPA ionotropic glutamate receptor subtype. Antiseizure medications (ASMs) are often used to treat this symptom, however the effect of perampanel (PER), an ASM acting as selective, non-competitive inhibitor of the AMPA receptor on the

Amelioration of Behavioral Impairments and Neuropathology by Antiepileptic Drug Topiramate in a Transgenic Alzheimer’s Disease Model Mice, APP/PS1 (2019)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that is the main cause of dementia in the elderly. The aggregation of β-amyloid peptides is one of the characterizing pathological changes of AD. Topiramate is an antiepileptic drug, which in addition, is used in the treatment of many neuropsychiatric disorders. In this study, the therapeutic effects of topiramate were investigated in a transgenic mouse model of cerebral amyloidosis (APP/PS1 mice). Before, during, and after topiramate treat

Medical cannabis for severe treatment resistant epilepsy in children: a case-series of 10 patients (2021)

Objectives To report the findings of a case-series of 10 children suffering with intractable epilepsies in the UK to determine the feasibility for using whole-plant cannabis medicines to treat seizures in children. Setting This study was conducted retrospectively through collecting clinical data from caretakers and clinicians on study outcome variables. Participants were recruited through the MedCann Support and End our Pain charity groups which are patient representative groups that support chi

Gene therapy ameliorates spontaneous seizures associated with cortical neuron loss in a Cln2R207X mouse model (2023)

Although a disease-modifying therapy for classic late infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (CLN2 disease) exists, poor understanding of cellular pathophysiology has hampered the development of more effective and persistent therapies. Here, we investigated the nature and progression of neurological and underlying neuropathological changes in Cln2R207X mice, which carry one of the most common pathogenic mutations in human patients but are yet to be fully characterized. Long-term electroencepha

Epilepsy in adult patients with tuberous sclerosis complex (2021)

Epilepsy in TSC can be a lifelong disorder, but one-third of individuals reach seizure freedom by early adulthood. In the long term, age at epilepsy onset has a crucial role in drug resistance and in developing intellectual disability, both in drug-resistant and drug-sensible patients. Patients with drug-refractory seizures tend to develop psychiatric issues, which should be recognized and adequately treated.

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors for autistic spectrum disorders (2023)

Evidence about the effectiveness of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors as a medication to improve outcomes for autistic adults is lacking, and for autistic children is very uncertain. There is a need for more evidence of improvement in outcomes of relevance to clinical care, autistic people, and their families. There are a number of ongoing studies involving acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, and future updates of this review may add to the current evidence.

Distinct Functional Alterations and Therapeutic Options of Two Pathological De Novo Variants of the T292 Residue of GABRA1 Identified in Children with Epileptic Encephalopathy and Neurodevelopmental Disorders (2022)

Mutations of GABA<sub>A</sub>R have reportedly led to epileptic encephalopathy and neurodevelopmental disorders. We have identified a novel de novo T292S missense variant of GABRA1 from a pediatric patient with grievous global developmental delay but without obvious epileptic activity. This mutation coincidentally occurs at the same residue as that of a previously reported GABRA1 variant T292I identified from a pediatric patient with severe epilepsy. The distinct phenotypes of these two patients

The WIPI Gene Family and Neurodegenerative Diseases: Insights From Yeast and Dictyostelium Models (2021)

WIPIs are a conserved family of proteins with a characteristic 7-bladed β-propeller structure. They play a prominent role in autophagy, but also in other membrane trafficking processes. Mutations in human <i>WIPI4</i> cause several neurodegenerative diseases. One of them is BPAN, a rare disease characterized by developmental delay, motor disorders, and seizures. Autophagy dysfunction is thought to play an important role in this disease but the precise pathological consequences of the mutations a

Polymorphisms Affecting the Response to Novel Antiepileptic Drugs (2023)

Epilepsy is one of the most frequent chronic neurologic disorders that affects nearly 1% of the population worldwide, especially in developing countries. Currently, several antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are available for its therapy, and although the prognosis is good for most patients, 20%-30% amongst them do not reach seizure freedom. Numerous factors may explain AED-resistance such as sex, age, ethnicity, type of seizure, early epilepsy onset, suboptimal dosing, poor drug compliance, alcohol abu

Indole-3-Carbinol and Its Derivatives as Neuroprotective Modulators (2024)

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its downstream tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) signaling pathway play pivotal roles in the resilience and action of antidepressant drugs, making them prominent targets in psychiatric research. Oxidative stress (OS) contributes to various neurological disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases, stroke, and mental illnesses, and exacerbates the aging process. The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-antioxidant responsive element

Treatment Guidelines for Rare, Early-Onset, Treatment-Resistant Epileptic Conditions: A Literature Review on Dravet Syndrome, Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome and CDKL5 Deficiency Disorder (2021)

<b>Background:</b> Dravet syndrome (DS), Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) and CDKL5 deficiency disorder (CDD) are rare epileptic conditions, characterised by drug-resistant seizures. Seizure management in these patients requires careful therapy selection. This targeted literature review (TLR) aimed to collate and synthesise information from country-specific and international treatment guidelines for DS, LGS and CDD. <b>Methods:</b> A TLR was performed between 25<sup>th</sup> January and 11<sup>th</

Child Neurology: Initial Presentation of PCDH19 -Related Epilepsy With New-Onset Refractory Status Epilepticus and Treatment With Anakinra (2022)

<i>PCDH19</i>-related epilepsy is a developmental and epileptic encephalopathy typically presenting with epilepsy and varying degrees of intellectual disability. Seizures typically present in clusters of focal or generalized seizures, sometimes in the setting of fever. We present the case of a 7-month-old girl presenting with new-onset refractory status epilepticus that followed routine vaccine administration and ensuing cytokine storm. She was diagnosed with a pathogenic variant in <i>PCDH19</i

Effect of fenfluramine on seizures and comorbidities in SCN8A‐developmental and epileptic encephalopathy: A case series (2022)

SCN8A-developmental and epileptic encephalopathy is caused by pathogenic variants in the SCN8A gene encoding the Na<sub>v</sub> 1.6 sodium channel, and is characterized by intractable multivariate seizures and developmental regression. Fenfluramine is a repurposed drug with proven antiseizure efficacy in Dravet syndrome and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. The effect of fenfluramine treatment was assessed in a retrospective series of three patients with intractable SCN8A epilepsy and severe neurodevelop

Responsive neurostimulation in pediatric patients with drug-resistant epilepsy (2022)

RNS used in children with medically refractory epilepsy improved seizure control after implantation, with decreases in seizure frequency > 50% from preoperative baseline in the majority of patients. Preliminary findings indicate that functional MRI and stereo-electroencephalography were helpful for RNS targeting and that RNS can be used safely even in young children.

Abnormal brain state distribution and network connectivity in a SYNGAP1 rat model (2022)

Mutations in the <i>SYNGAP1</i> gene are one of the common predictors of neurodevelopmental disorders, commonly resulting in individuals developing autism, intellectual disability, epilepsy, and sleep deficits. EEG recordings in neurodevelopmental disorders show potential to identify clinically translatable biomarkers to both diagnose and track the progress of novel therapeutic strategies, as well as providing insight into underlying pathological mechanisms. In a rat model of <i>SYNGAP1</i> hapl