Hemp Research — Page 167

Peer-reviewed industrial hemp research papers, sorted by publication date. Browse the latest findings on hemp cultivation, processing, materials science, biomedical applications, and regulatory science from PubMed, OpenAlex, and other indexed sources.

Efficacy and tolerability of the modified Atkins diet in children with drug‐resistant genetic generalized epilepsy (2022)

The modified Atkins diet has shown to be an effective and well-tolerated treatment for children with drug-resistant GGE. The diet provides the additional benefit of aiding to discontinue ASMs and, therefore, minimize the side effects from polypharmacy. Given these results, it seems reasonable to consider the modified Atkins diet as an alternative and possibly earlier treatment option for patients with drug-resistant GGE.

The cannabinoid CB 2 receptor positive allosteric modulator EC21a exhibits complicated pharmacology in vitro (2024)

Schizophrenia is a complex disease involving the dysregulation of numerous brain circuits and patients exhibit positive symptoms (hallucinations, delusions), negative symptoms (anhedonia), and cognitive impairments. We have shown that the antipsychotic efficacy of positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) of both the M<sub>4</sub> muscarinic receptor and metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (mGlu<sub>1</sub>) involve the retrograde activation of the presynaptic cannabinoid type-2 (CB<sub>2</sub>) recep

Cannabis use for Sleep Disturbance Among Older Patients in a Geriatrics Clinic (2022)

Cannabis use is growing among older adults to manage medical concerns including poor sleep. In this study, we characterized how patients seen at a geriatrics clinic use cannabis to address sleep disturbance. Specifically, we conducted an anonymous survey of 568 adults, including 83 who reported cannabis use within the past 3 years, to inquire about such use. We compared cannabis use characteristics between those using it for sleep disturbance versus all other conditions. We considered a <i>p</i>

Determination of Antiepileptics in Biological Samples—A Review (2024)

Epilepsy remains a disease that affects many people around the world. With the development of new drugs to treat this condition, the importance of therapeutic drug monitoring continues to rise and remains a challenge for the medical community. This review article explores recent advances in the detection of antiepileptic drugs across various sample types commonly used for drug monitoring, with a focus on their applications and impact. Some of these new methods have proven to be simpler, greener,

The efficacy and safety of novel antiepileptic drugs in treatment of epilepsy of patients with brain tumors (2024)

This meta-analysis suggests that novel antiepileptic drugs are deemed effective for seizure control in brain tumor patients, particularly when used as adjunctive therapy. Although lacosamide and perampanel received more focus in studies, no significant difference was observed in the efficacy and adverse reactions of these two drugs in seizure control. Further randomized controlled trials are deemed necessary to validate our findings.

Cannabinoids for Cancer-related Pain Management: An Update on Therapeutic Applications and Future Perspectives (2024)

Pain is a debilitating phenomenon that dramatically impairs the quality of life of patients. Many chronic conditions, including cancer, are associated with chronic pain. Despite pharmacological efforts that have been conducted, many patients suffering from cancer pain remain without treatment. To date, opioids are considered the preferred therapeutic choice for cancer-related pain management. Unfortunately, opioid treatment causes side effects and inefficiently relieves patients from pain, there

[New antiepileptic drugs]. (2019)

Antiepileptic drugs are the first treatment option in patients with epilepsy. Drugs developed after 2000 are known as third generation antiepileptic drugs. These medications offer new mechanisms of action and favorable pharmacokinetics, decreasing the occurrence of side effects and drug-drug interactions. Broad spectrum antiepileptic drugs, such as brivaracetam and clobazam are good choices for generalized tonic colonic seizures and are well tolerated.New sodium channel blockers such as lacosami

Ketogenic Diet as a Nutritional Metabolic Intervention for Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder: A Narrative Review (2024)

The substantial evidence supporting the ketogenic diet (KD) in epilepsy management has spurred research into its effects on other neurological and psychiatric conditions. Despite differences in characteristics, symptoms, and underlying mechanisms, these conditions share common pathways that the KD may influence. The KD reverses metabolic dysfunction. Moreover, it has been shown to support neuroprotection through mechanisms such as neuronal energy support, inflammation reduction, amelioration of

Brain temperature and free water increases after mild COVID-19 infection (2024)

The pathophysiology underlying the post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 remains understudied and poorly understood, particularly in healthy adults with a history of mild infection. Chronic neuroinflammation may underlie these enduring symptoms, but studying neuroinflammatory phenomena in vivo is challenging, especially without a comparable pre-COVID-19 dataset. In this study, we present a unique dataset of 10 otherwise healthy individuals scanned before and after experiencing mild COVID-19. Two emerg

Long‐term outcomes and adaptive behavior in adult patients with Lennox–Gastaut syndrome (2024)

This study examined adults with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS), a severe type of epilepsy, to understand their long-term abilities to perform daily tasks and adapt socially. We found that these adults have significant difficulties with daily living and social skills, although not all areas were equally affected. They performed somewhat better in communication, particularly in understanding others (receptive communication). Importantly, the younger the age at which LGS was diagnosed, the worse the

Integrating fecal metabolomics and intestinal microbiota to study the mechanism of cannabidiol in the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (2024)

<b>Introduction:</b> Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic interstitial lung disease characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix. Cannabidiol, a natural component extracted from plant cannabis, has been shown to have therapeutic effects on lung diseases, but its exact mechanism of action is unknown, hindering its therapeutic effectiveness. <b>Methods:</b> To establish a pulmonary fibrosis model, combined with UPLC-Q-TOF/MS metabolomics and 16S rDNA sequencing, to explore c

Traditional and Innovative Anti-seizure Medications Targeting Key PhysiopathologicalMechanisms: Focus on Neurodevelopment and Neurodegeneration (2023)

Despite the wide range of compounds currently available to treat epilepsy, there is still no drug that directly tackles the physiopathological mechanisms underlying its development. Indeed, antiseizure medications attempt to prevent seizures but are inefficacious in counteracting or rescuing the physiopathological phenomena that underlie their onset and recurrence, and hence do not cure epilepsy. Classically, the altered excitation/inhibition balance is postulated as the mechanism underlying epi

Innovative drug discovery strategies in epilepsy: integrating next-generation syndrome-specific mouse models to address pharmacoresistance and epileptogenesis (2024)

The percentage of patients with pharmacoresistant epilepsy has remained unchanged despite over 30 marketed ASMs. Consequently, there is a high unmet need to reinvent and revise discovery strategies to more effectively address the remaining needs of patients with specific epilepsy syndromes, including drug-resistant epilepsy and DEEs.

Overview of new-onset refractory status epilepticus: current concepts, diagnosis, and management (2023)

Abstract New-onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE) is a rare and devastating condition presenting with refractory status epilepticus and often evolving into super-refractory status epilepticus. The poor outcome with a significant mortality rate and a high rate of morbidity among survivors of NORSE warrants awareness and early identification of the condition so as to initiate appropriate investigations and management. Although the pathophysiological mechanisms are unknown, inflammatory mech

Case report: Dravet syndrome, feeding difficulties and gastrostomy (2022)

Dravet syndrome (DS) is a developmental and epileptic encephalopathy associated with variants in the voltage-gated sodium channel alpha 1 subunit (<i>SCN1A)</i> gene in around 90% of individuals. The core phenotype is well-recognized, and is characterized by seizure onset in infancy, typically with prolonged febrile seizures, followed by the emergence of multiple seizure types that are frequently drug-resistant, developmental delay, and intellectual disability. Comorbidities are common and inclu

Effective Perturbations by Phenobarbital on INa, IK(erg), IK(M) and IK(DR) during Pulse Train Stimulation in Neuroblastoma Neuro-2a Cells (2022)

Phenobarbital (PHB, Luminal Sodium<sup>®</sup>) is a medication of the barbiturate and has long been recognized to be an anticonvulsant and a hypnotic because it can facilitate synaptic inhibition in the central nervous system through acting on the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) type A (GABA<sub>A</sub>) receptors. However, to what extent PHB could directly perturb the magnitude and gating of different plasmalemmal ionic currents is not thoroughly explored. In neuroblastoma Neuro-2a cells, we found