Hemp Research — Page 166

Peer-reviewed industrial hemp research papers, sorted by publication date. Browse the latest findings on hemp cultivation, processing, materials science, biomedical applications, and regulatory science from PubMed, OpenAlex, and other indexed sources.

Virtual Screening-Accelerated Discovery of a Phosphodiesterase 9 Inhibitor with Neuroprotective Effects in the Kainate Toxicity In Vitro Model (2023)

In the central nervous system, some specific phosphodiesterase (PDE) isoforms modulate pathways involved in neuronal plasticity. Accumulating evidence suggests that PDE9 may be a promising therapeutic target for neurodegenerative diseases. In the current study, computational techniques were used to identify a nature-inspired PDE9 inhibitor bearing the scaffold of an isoflavone, starting from a database of synthetic small molecules using a ligand-based approach. Furthermore, docking studies suppo

STXBP1 germline mutation and focal cortical dysplasia (2021)

A child with a de novo STXBP1 heterozygous missense mutation, believed to be a pathogenic variant, presented with clustering focal seizures affecting both hemispheres. These had begun at the age of 10 months with a phenotype similar to that of PCDH19 encephalopathy. MRI suggested a similarity to focal cortical dysplasia, though further research is needed. There was no evidence of either suppression-bursts or infantile spasms. This new case adds to the few other cases of patients with STXBP1 muta

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Quinidine in Pediatric Patients with KCNT1 Genetic Variants (2022)

Quinidine (QND) is an old antimalarial drug that was used in the early 20th century as an antiarrhythmic agent. Currently, QND is receiving attention for its use in epilepsy of infancy with migrating focal seizures (EIMFS) due to potassium sodium-activated channel subfamily T member 1 (<i>KCNT1</i>) genetic variants. Here, we report the application of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) in pediatric patients carrying <i>KCNT1</i> genetic variants and orally treated with QND for developmental and e

New Phenylglycinamide Derivatives with Hybrid Structure as Candidates for New Broad-Spectrum Anticonvulsants (2022)

In the present study, a focused combinatorial chemistry approach was applied to merge structural fragments of well-known TRPV1 antagonists with a potent anticonvulsant lead compound, <b>KA-104</b>, that was previously discovered by our group. Consequently, a series of 22 original compounds has been designed, synthesized, and characterized in the in vivo and in vitro assays. The obtained compounds showed robust in vivo antiseizure activity in the maximal electroshock (MES) test and in the 6 Hz se

Charting the therapeutic landscape: a comprehensive evidence map on medical cannabis for health outcomes (2024)

The therapeutic potential of medical cannabis has garnered significant attention in recent years, prompting an urgent need for a comprehensive understanding of its effectiveness across various health outcomes. This article presents an Evidence Map that systematically summarizes clinical evidence on the use of medical cannabis, including the health conditions it addresses, the interventions employed, and the resulting clinical outcomes. The objective is to map the effectiveness of medical cannabi

Phytoconstituents Targeting the Serotonin 5-HT3 Receptor: Promising Therapeutic Strategies for Neurological Disorders (2024)

The 5-hydroxytryptamine-3 receptor (5-HT<sub>3</sub>R), a subtype of serotonin receptor, is a ligand-gated ion channel crucial in mediating fast synaptic transmission in the central and peripheral nervous systems. This receptor significantly influences various neurological activities, encompassing neurotransmission, mood regulation, and cognitive processing; hence, it may serve as an innovative target for neurological disorders. Multiple studies have revealed promising results regarding the bene

Bacopa monnieri protects neuronal cell line and Caenorhabditis elegans models of Alzheimer’s disease through sigma-1 receptor antagonist sensitive and antioxidant pathways (2022)

BACKGROUND: Due to better health care and improved nutritional status of the world’s population, many people live into old age. This has resulted in more diseases related to aging, such as neurodegenerative diseases. Bacopa monnieri (BM) is a medicinal herb found in Southeast Asia and is a popular memory-enhancing supplement. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate how BM may provide protection in neurodegenerative disease, and whether the sigma-1 receptor is involved. METHODS: PC-12 cells we

Neurologic orphan diseases: Emerging innovations and role for genetic treatments (2023)

Orphan diseases are rare diseases that affect less than 200000 individuals within the United States. Most orphan diseases are of neurologic and genetic origin. With the current advances in technology, more funding has been devoted to developing therapeutic agents for patients with these conditions. In our review, we highlight emerging options for patients with neurologic orphan diseases, specifically including diseases resulting in muscular deterioration, epilepsy, seizures, neurodegenerative mo

Genetic Inhibition of Plppr5 Aggravates Hypoxic-Ischemie-Induced Cortical Damage and Excitotoxic Phenotype (2022)

<i>Plppr5</i>-deficient mice subjected to hypoxia-ischemia at postnatal day 10 present significantly higher cerebral infarction. <i>Plppr5</i>-deficient mice were endowed with a more pronounced superexcitability phenotype at 4 weeks after HI, manifested as a reduced seizure threshold. ZnT1 protein was also found reduced in <i>Plppr5</i>-deficient mice as well as in mice subjected to HI excitotoxicity. <i>Plppr5</i> knockout <i>in vivo</i> exacerbates HI brain injury phenotypes, including infarct

Treating epilepsy with options other than antiepileptic medications (2020)

Epilepsy is a common health burden worldwide. Epilepsy is linked to variety of factors, including infectious, vascular, immune, structural, genetic, and metabolic etiologies. Despite the existence of multiple antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), many patients are diagnosed with intractable epilepsy. Many nonpharmacological options are available for epilepsy. Some types of epilepsy respond to cofactors. Other patients may be candidates for a ketogenic diet. Inflammatory mediators, such as intravenous immu

Altered Cerebro-Cerebellar Effective Connectivity in New-Onset Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy (2022)

(1) Objective: Resting-state fMRI studies have indicated that juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) could cause widespread functional connectivity disruptions between the cerebrum and cerebellum. However, the directed influences or effective connectivities (ECs) between these brain regions are poorly understood. In the current study, we aimed to evaluate the ECs between the cerebrum and cerebellum in patients with new-onset JME. (2) Methods: Thirty-four new-onset JME patients and thirty-four age-, s

Determination of the Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Lavatera thuringiaca L. Medicinal Herb Material Extracted under Subcritical Conditions by the Liquid Carbon Dioxide Method (2021)

This article presents the composition of the components of <i>Lavatera thuringiaca</i> L. (<i>Malvaceae</i> Juss. family), which has a certain antibacterial effect. The plant collection was carried out in the Shamalgan gorge of Mountain Range of the Trans-Ili Alatau in the territory of the Karasay district of the Almaty region, in the flowering phase. A CO<sub>2</sub> extract of the aboveground part of the medicinal plant <i>Lavatera thuringiaca</i> L. was obtained under subcritical conditions a

Advancements in the use of xenopus oocytes for modelling neurological disease for novel drug discovery (2023)

Development of new drugs targeting CNS disorders has been marked by failures in the translation from preclinical to clinical studies. As progress in genetics and molecular biology highlights large functional differences arising from a single to a few amino acid exchanges, the need for drug screening and functional testing against human proteins is increasing. The use of Xenopus oocytes to enable precise modeling and characterization of clinically relevant genetic variants constitutes a powerful