Hemp Research — Page 182

Peer-reviewed industrial hemp research papers, sorted by publication date. Browse the latest findings on hemp cultivation, processing, materials science, biomedical applications, and regulatory science from PubMed, OpenAlex, and other indexed sources.

Medical treatment in infants and young children with epilepsy: Off‐label use of antiseizure medications. Survey Report of ILAE Task Force Medical Therapies in Children (2022)

Abstract Objective Antiseizure medications (ASMs) remain the mainstay of epilepsy treatment. These ASMs have mainly been tested in trials in adults with epilepsy, which subsequently led to market authorization (MA). For treatment of – especially young – children with epilepsy, several ASMs do not have a MA and guidelines are lacking, subsequently leading to “off‐label” use of ASMs. Even though “off‐label” ASM prescriptions for children could lead to more adverse events, it can be clinically appr

Benzodiazepines for the Treatment of Seizure Clusters (2024)

Patients with epilepsy may experience seizure clusters, which are described by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as intermittent, stereotypic episodes of frequent seizure activity that are distinct from a patient's usual seizure pattern. Untreated seizure clusters may increase the risk for status epilepticus, as well as decrease quality of life and increase burden on patients and care partners. Benzodiazepine therapies are the mainstay for acute treatment of seizure clusters and are ofte

Therapeutic drug monitoring of perampanel in children diagnosed with epilepsy: Focus on influencing factors on the plasma concentration‐to‐dose ratio (2022)

In this study, PER treatment showed acceptable efficacy and tolerance in Chinese children with epilepsy. Contributing factors like age to variable C<sub>0</sub> /Dose ratios were identified, and complex PER-ASMs interactions were observed. Notably, the reference range, that is, 180.0-610.0 ng/mL, for routine PER monitoring may be more applicable for them. Routine TDM should be considered a positive attempt to manage the effectiveness and safety of PER.

Epilepsy surgery in early infancy: A retrospective, multicenter study (2023)

Although epilepsy surgery is the only curative therapeutic approach for lesional drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE), there is reluctance to operate on infants due to a fear of complications. A recent meta-analysis showed that epilepsy surgery in the first 6 months of life can achieve seizure control in about two thirds of children. However, robust data on surgical complications and postoperative cognitive development are lacking. We performed a retrospective multicenter study of infants who underwent

Equilibrative Nucleoside Transporters-1 Inhibitors Act as Anti-epileptic Agents by Inhibiting Glutamatergic Transmission (2020)

<b>Background and Purpose:</b> Adenosine dysregulation is associated with the occurrence of the epilepsy and equilibrative nucleoside transporters-1 (ENT-1) functions as an important regulator of extracellular adenosine in the brain. This study was aimed to prove the anti-epileptic effect of BBB permeable ENT-1 inhibitors, JMF1907 and J4, on animal models of various epilepsy, and the mechanisms that are involved. <b>Experimental Approach:</b> Maximal electroshock seizure (MES), pentylenetetrazol

Pharmacological and neurosurgical management of cerebral palsy and dystonia: Clinical practice guideline update (2024)

Dystonia, typically characterized by slow repetitive involuntary movements, stiff abnormal postures, and hypertonia, is common among individuals with cerebral palsy (CP). Dystonia can interfere with activities and have considerable impact on motor function, pain/comfort, and ease of caregiving. Although pharmacological and neurosurgical approaches are used clinically in individuals with CP and dystonia that is causing interference, evidence to support these options is limited. This clinical prac

ANK2 loss-of-function variants are associated with epilepsy, and lead to impaired axon initial segment plasticity and hyperactive network activity in hiPSC-derived neuronal networks (2023)

Phenotypic characterization of patients with de novo ANK2 LoF variants defines a novel NDD with early onset epilepsy. Our functional in vitro data of ANK2-deficient human neurons show a specific neuronal phenotype in which reduced ANKB expression leads to hyperactive and desynchronized neuronal network activity, increased somatodendritic complexity and AIS structure and impaired activity-dependent plasticity of the AIS.

Seizures in Childhood: Aetiology, Diagnosis, Treatment, and What the Future May Hold (2019)

Seizures are one of the most common medical problems affecting children, and epilepsy is the most common chronic neurological condition in children. Childhood epilepsy syndromes include a wide spectrum of disorders ranging from benign to life threatening. While there are many known epilepsy syndromes, there are many factors, which may lead to the development of seizures in children including infection, traumatic brain injury, or structural abnormality. Up to 40% of childhood epilepsies are thoug

Formulation, design and strategies for efficient nanotechnology-based nasal delivery systems (2022)

Abstract Objectives Nanotechnology-based nasal delivery systems have gained interest as a way of overcoming low drug bioavailability, limited brain exposure, fast metabolism and elimination, high doses and unwanted side effects. The main benefits of intranasal (IN) administration include the non-invasive method, easy accessibility, porous epithelial barrier and highly vascularized tissue. However, it is imperative to identify interactions between the materials used and the nasal biological envir

Repurposing Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Agonists in Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders (2021)

Common pathophysiological mechanisms have emerged for different neurological and neuropsychiatric conditions. In particular, mechanisms of oxidative stress, immuno-inflammation, and altered metabolic pathways converge and cause neuronal and non-neuronal maladaptative phenomena, which underlie multifaceted brain disorders. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear receptors modulating, among others, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective genes in diverse tissues. Both end

Voltage-gated potassium channels and genetic epilepsy (2024)

Recent advances in exome and targeted sequencing have significantly improved the aetiological diagnosis of epilepsy, revealing an increasing number of epilepsy-related pathogenic genes. As a result, the diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy have become more accessible and more traceable. Voltage-gated potassium channels (Kv) regulate electrical excitability in neuron systems. Mutate Kv channels have been implicated in epilepsy as demonstrated in case reports and researches using gene-knockout mous